El nombre que recibe este Barrio es muy entrañable en San Sebastián de los Reyes, si repasamos su historia lo comprenderemos muy pronto, pues todos los autores que hemos trabajado sobre nuestra historia, desde Laureano Montero, Leopoldo Jimeno, Isidoro Rodríguez, etc. Nos hemos tropezado con este nombre: Dehesa Vieja, no voy a incidir mucho sobre este paraje de nuestro término municipal y sus consecuencias, en otro artículo explicaré, no sé si muy acertadamente, todo lo relativo al pleito que sostuvieron don Juan Arias de Ávila y sus sucesores, señores de la villa de Alcobendas, y esta propia villa contra el lugar de San Sebastián de los Reyes por el uso y disfrute de la Dehesa Vieja.

Parque de la Araña de Dehesa Vieja

Puedo asegurar que he visto y he manejado los miles de documentos que se conservan en la Chancillería de Valladolid sobre este pleito que se mantuvo más de un siglo, para que nos quejemos ahora de la lentitud de la Justicia. Si tenéis cierto interés en ahondar en este asunto os puedo remitir al libro que escribió Isidoro Rodríguez “Doro” a finales del siglo pasado “Historia de San Sebastián de los Reyes”, donde tendréis suficientes y sobrados datos de las vicisitudes que tuvo que arrostrar nuestra localidad hasta que se le reconoció la propiedad de esta Dehesa. Encontraréis datos en los capítulos VII, VIII, IX, XI y XV de la citada obra en que “Doro” trata el tema de la Dehesa Vieja.

Los primeros documentos y su ubicación

Dónde empezamos a encontrar el nombre de Dehesa Vieja en nuestra historia, para ello tenemos que remitirnos al año 1493, en concreto al día 9 de enero, en el que la Villa de Madrid le da término a San Sebastián de los Reyes, en el que quedan incluidos los ejidos y las dos dehesas, tanto la vieja, que es la que ahora nos atañe y la nueva, que es la que actualmente posee nuestro municipio y que la conocemos como la Dehesa Boyal.

Dónde ubicamos actualmente nuestro barrio de Dehesa Vieja, lo situamos al norte de nuestro casco urbano, mejor diremos casco antiguo. Es un tanto curioso que este nuevo enclave urbanístico no es una continuación del resto de la población, como ocurrió con los barrios del Chaparral, La Zaporra, Barrillero o Alto del Socorro, sino que entre ambos enclaves se interpone una zona o polígono industrial.

De hecho, nuestra localidad se encontró un infranqueable problema para desarrollarse por el norte, me estoy refiriendo a las instalaciones que tenía el Ministerio de Marina, que impedía su avance al norte, quizás con el tiempo podemos ahora considerar que fue un beneficio, ya que eso ha supuesto la creación de un pulmón verde como es el Parque de la Marina. Este escollo en parte fue “rodeado” por el barrio del Praderón.

Nuestras autoridades de entonces quizás no estuvieron muy acertadas cuando tomaron la decisión de enclavar una zona industrial al norte de las instalaciones de la Marina, y no haber advertido que esos terrenos podrían en un futuro dedicarlos a viviendas. También es verdad que en aquellos años sesenta del siglo pasado ya se habían levantado en esos terrenos unas instalaciones industriales como eran los Laboratorios Federico Bonet, Femsa, Industrias Canive y un par de ellas más sitas todas ellas en el Camino de Pesadilla, hoy es la calle Isla Graciosa, y que actualmente conforman en su mayoría las instalaciones de Antena 3.

«El barrio ocupa mucha más superficie que la que describo«

Dentro del nuevo desarrollo urbanístico fue diseñado este nuevo barrio que acertadamente recibió el nombre de Dehesa Vieja, pues en una parte ocupa los terrenos que tuvo la dicha dehesa, y además recogía un nombre muy señero de nuestra historia.

Barrio de Dehesa Vieja

Este nuevo barrio no se corresponde geográficamente, en parte, sobre los terrenos que ocupaba la tan traída y llevada Dehesa Vieja, ésta se extendía desde la salida del pueblo, una vez pasado el Cementerio. Tengamos en cuenta que la Carretera Nacional I, que en aquella época se conocía como Carretera de Francia, atravesaba la población de sur a norte, lo que hoy es la calle Real.

Una vez traspasado el alto del Cementerio, lugar en el que arrancaban a la derecha los Caminos de la Robliza y del Monte, y a la izquierda el Camino de Pesadilla, se extendía la Dehesa Vieja a derecha e izquierda de la dicha carretera hasta llegar al Arroyo de los Quiñones, antiguamente conocido como Arroyo Valseco.

Por tanto, podemos decir que el actual barrio ocupa la parte izquierda del paraje Dehesa Vieja, y que el Hospital Infanta Sofía está ubicado en la parte derecha. Por supuesto, que el barrio ocupa mucha más superficie que la que describo, ya que la urbanización traspasa en su gran mayoría el Arroyo de los Quiñones y llega hasta el norte a los parajes de Farfantes y El Retamar que hoy están constituidos por los edificios de Norte Real y el antiguo Club de Campo “Puente Cultural”.

El actual barrio de Dehesa Vieja se extiende por la margen derecha del Arroyo de los Quiñones por los antiguos parajes Valle de los Carneros y Los Alamillos y por la margen izquierda por los viñedos conocidos como de los Quiñones. Sus límites históricos los podemos situar al norte el paraje de Farfantes-Valdelahiguera, al este la Carretera de Francia, al sur diversas tierras de labor y al oeste el Camino del Paredón o de los Paredones.

Fijándonos en el callejero actual diríamos que sus límites son al norte la calle Arturo Duperier, al este el Paseo de Europa, al sur las Avenidas de Tenerife y de la Dehesa y al oeste las Avenidas de Portugal y de los Quiñones.

Santiago Izquierdo G. Bárcena. Cronista Oficial de San Sebastián de los Reyes

2 COMMENTS

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